To determine the bulking of sand due to varying moisture content.

 

OBJECT: To determine the bulking of sand due to varying moisture content.

APPARATUS: 250 ml measuring cylinder, container, steel rule, steel rod 6 mm in diameter etc.

 

EXTRACTS FROM I.S. 2386 (PART III)-1963

Sand bought on to a building site or other works may contain an amount of moisture which will cause it, when loosely filled into a container, to occupy which will volume than it would occupy if dry. If the sand is measured by loose volume, it is necessary in such a case to increase the measured concrete may be the bulking the correction to be made is only a rough approximation, because the system of measurement by loose volume is a rough method at the beat, but a correction to be made is only a rough approximation, because the system of measurement by loose volume is a rough method at the beat, but a correction of the right order can easily be determined and should be applied in order to keep the concrete uniform.

4.3.1 The Procedure to be adopted may be varied but two methods are suggested as follows. Both depend on the fact that the volume of inundated sand is the same as if he sand were dry.

1 METHOD

4.3.2 (1) Put sufficient quantity of sand loosely into a container until it is about two thirds full. Level off the top of the sand and pushing a steel rule vertically down through the sand at the middle to the bottom, measure the height. Suppose this is h cm.

II METHOD

4.3.2 (II) Empty the sand out of the container into another container where none of it will be lost. Half fill the first Container with water. Put back about half the sand and rod it with a steel rod, about 6 mm. in diameter, so that its volume is reduced to a minimum, then add the remainder of the sand and rod it in the same way, smooth and level the top surface of the inundated sand and measure it's the top surface of the inundated sand and measure its depth at the middle with steel rule. Suppose this h cm.

II METHOD

1. In a 250-ml measuring cylinder pour the damp sand (consolidated by shaking) until it reaches the 200-ml mark. Then fill the cylinder with water and stir the sand well. (Then water shall be sufficient to submerge the sand completely). It will be supposing the surface is at the mark y ml.

Similarly, For another moisture content the procedure can be repeated and a curve may be plotted between % bulking of sand and moisture content.

 

CALCULATIONS

 The percentage of bulking of sand due to moisture shall be calculated from the formula:

Percentage bulking = (h/hi-1) x 100