INDIAN STANDARDS ON EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

 

 

Avoid loss of life and injuries it is advisable to have quake resistant structures. This would involve development of anti-seismic codes of design and construction of housing and other structures. Bureau of Indian standards the National Standard Body of India. One of the activities is formulation Indian Standards on different subjects of Engineering through various Division Councils. A detail Indian Standards in the area of mitigation of natural hazard of earthquake is given below:

 It is to serve this purpose that standards have been formulated in the field of Design and Construction of Earthquake Resistant Structures. Following standards have been formulated:

 

IS 1893:1984 CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF STRUCTURES

 

This standard deals with earthquake resistant design of structures and is applicable to buildings; elevated structures; bridges; dams etc. It also gives a map which divides the country into five seismic zones based on the seismic intensity.

IS 1893 was initially published in 1962 as 'Recommendations for Earthquake Resistant DesignStructures' in 1966. a result of additional seismic data collected India andknowledge and experience gained the standard was revised in 1970, 1975 and then 1984. was decided to revise the standard into five parts which deals with different types of structures:

 

Part-1: General Provisions and Buildings.

Part-2: Liquid Retaining Tanks - Elevated and Ground Supported

Part-3: Bridges Retaining Walls

Part-4: Industrial Structures Stack Like Structures

 

IS 1893: (PART 1)2002 'CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGNSTRUCTURES

 

Part 1: General Provisions and Buildings

This standard contains provisions that general in nature and applicable to all structures.criteria, combinations, design spectrum, main attributes of buildings, dynamic analysis, apart from seismic zoning map and seismic coefficients of important towns, map showing epicentres, map showing tectonic features and lithological map of India. Decisions made at the planning stage on building configuration are more important, or are known to have made greater difference, than accurate determination of code specified design forces.

 

IS 1893 (PART 4): 2005 CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGNOF STRUCTURES

 

Part-4: Industrial Structures Including Stack Like Structures

This standard deals with earthquake resistant design of the industrial structures (plant and auxiliary structures) including stack-like structures such as process industries, power plants, textile industries, off-shore structures and marine/port/harbor structures. In addition to the above, stack-like structures covered by this standard are such as transmissionand communication towers, chimneys and stack-like structures and silos (including parabolic silosused for urea storage).

 

IS 4326: 1993 EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OFBUILDINGS CODE OF PRACTICE

This standard provides guidance in selection of materials, special features of design and construction for earthquake resistant buildings including masonry construction, timber construction, prefabricated construction etc. In this standard, it is intended to cover the specified features of design and construction for earthquake resistance of buildings of conventional types.

 

IS 13827: 1993 IMPROVING EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF EARTHEN BUILDINGS GUIDELINES

 

The guidelines covered in this standard deal with the design and construction aspects for improving earthquake resistance of earthen houses, without the use of stabilizers such as lime, cement, asphalt,etc.

 

IS 13828: 1993 IMPROVING EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF LOW MASONRY BUILDINGS GUIDELINES STRENGTH

 

This standard covers the special features of design and construction for improving earthquake resistance of buildings of low-strength masonry.

 

IS 13920: 1993 DUCTILE DETAILING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO SEISMIC FORCES CODE OF PRACTICE

 

This standard covers the requirements for designing and detailing of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings so as to give them adequate toughness and ductility to resist severe earthquake shocks without collapse. 

 

IS 13935: 1993 REPAIR AND SEISMIC STRENGTHENING OF BUILDINGSGUIDELINES

 

This standard covers the selection of materials and techniques to be used for repair and seismic strengthening of damaged buildings during earthquakes and retrofitting for upgrading of seismic resistance of existing buildings.

 

IS 6922: 1973 CRITERIA FOR SAFETY AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURESSUBJECT TO UNDERGROUND BLASTS

 

This standard deals with the safety of structures during underground blasting and is applicableto normal structures like buildings, elevated structures, bridges, retaining walls, concrete and masonrydams constructed in materials like brickwork, stone masonry and concrete. As underground blasting operations have become almost a must for excavation purposes, this standard lays down criteria for safety of such structures from cracking and also specifies the effective accelerations for their design in certain cases.

 

IS 4991: 1968 CRITERIA FOR BLAST RESISTANT DESIGN OF STRUCTURESFOR EXPLOSIONS ABOVE GROUND

This standard covers the criteria for design of structures for blast effects of explosions above ground excluding blast effects of nuclear explosions.

 

IS 4967: 1968 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SEISMIC INSTRUMENTATION FORRIVER VALLEY PROJECTS

 

This standard covers recommendations for instrumentation for investigation of seismicity, studyof microtremors and predominant period of a dam site and permanent installation of instruments inthe dam and appurtenant structures and in surrounding areas. These standards endeavour to providea guideline in designing and repairing of buildings under seismic forces.